The Pelham bit is designed to give the rider both direct rein aids and additional leverage when needed. The upper ring attaches to the cheekpiece of the bridle, while the lower ring is used for the curb rein or a converter. When the lower rein is used, the shank creates leverage, applying pressure to the poll, the mouth, and the curb chain under the chin.

This action encourages the horse to rebalance, soften in the contact, and come down/forward to the bit with a framed, stable feeling. The Pelham can be useful for horses that become strong, heavy in the hand, or need extra help maintaining balance and control, especially in jumping or faster work. It should always be used with a soft, educated hand and a clear release when the horse responds.

A shorter shank, 5cm, will give the rider a more uplifting effect.  The shorter shank is suitable for horses who need to loosen up through the shoulders and come up in front. The shorter the shank; the easier it is to create bend and flexion.

A longer shank, 7cm, encourages the horse to follow the bit's contact forward and down. This is good for horses who can get high in the neck and strong.